GRASS 8.5.0 Reference Manual - GRASS Manual
Author: GRASS Development Team

## GRASS 8.5.0 Reference Manual

Geographic Resources Analysis Support System, commonly referred to as GRASS, is a Geographic Information System (GIS) used for geospatial data management and analysis, image processing, graphics/maps production, spatial modeling, and visualization. GRASS is currently used in academic and commercial settings around the world, as well as by many governmental agencies and environmental consulting companies.

This reference manual details the use of modules distributed with Geographic Resources Analysis Support System (GRASS), an open source (GNU GPLed), image processing and geographic information system (GIS).

### Quick Introduction How to start with GRASS Index of topics and keywords Intro: projections and spatial transformations FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions (Wiki) Graphical index of functionality | ### Graphical User Interface wxGUI details wxGUI components wxGUI toolboxes GUI commands ### Display Display commands manual Display drivers | ### General GRASS startup manual General commands manual ### Addons Addons manual pages ### Programmer's Manual Programmer's Manual
### Raster processing Intro: 2D raster map processing Raster commands manual | ### 3D raster processing Intro: 3D raster map (voxel) processing 3D raster (voxel) commands manual | ### Image processing Intro: image processing Imagery commands manual
### Vector processing Intro: vector map processing and network analysis Vector commands manual GRASS ASCII vector format specification | ### Database Intro: database management SQL support in GRASS Database commands manual | ### Temporal processing Intro: temporal data processing Temporal commands manual
### Cartography PostScript commands manual wxGUI Cartographic Composer | ### Miscellaneous & Variables Miscellaneous commands manual GRASS variables and environment variables | ### Python GRASS Python library documentation PyGRASS documentation GRASS in Jupyter Notebooks

Main index | Topics index | Keywords index | Graphical index | Full index

© 2003-2026 GRASS Development Team, GRASS 8.5.0 Reference Manual