RuntimeException (Java SE 23 & JDK 23)
Description: declaration: module: java.base, package: java.lang, class: RuntimeException
Keywords: java.lang.RuntimeException class

# Class RuntimeException

java.lang.Object
java.lang.Throwable
java.lang.Exception
java.lang.RuntimeException

All Implemented Interfaces:
  `Serializable`

Direct Known Subclasses:
  `AnnotationTypeMismatchException`, `ArithmeticException`, `ArrayStoreException`, `BufferOverflowException`, `BufferUnderflowException`, `CannotRedoException`, `CannotUndoException`, `CatalogException`, `ClassCastException`, `ClassNotPreparedException`, `CMMException`, `CompletionException`, `ConcurrentModificationException`, `DateTimeException`, `DOMException`, `DuplicateRequestException`, `EmptyStackException`, `EnumConstantNotPresentException`, `EventException`, `FileSystemAlreadyExistsException`, `FileSystemNotFoundException`, `FindException`, `IllegalArgumentException`, `IllegalCallerException`, `IllegalMonitorStateException`, `IllegalPathStateException`, `IllegalStateException`, `IllformedLocaleException`, `ImagingOpException`, `InaccessibleObjectException`, `IncompleteAnnotationException`, `InconsistentDebugInfoException`, `IndexOutOfBoundsException`, `InternalException`, `InvalidCodeIndexException`, `InvalidLineNumberException`, `InvalidModuleDescriptorException`, `InvalidModuleException`, `InvalidRequestStateException`, `InvalidStackFrameException`, `JarSignerException`, `JMRuntimeException`, `JSException`, `LayerInstantiationException`, `LSException`, `MalformedParameterizedTypeException`, `MalformedParametersException`, `MatchException`, `MirroredTypesException`, `MissingResourceException`, `NegativeArraySizeException`, `NoSuchDynamicMethodException`, `NoSuchElementException`, `NoSuchMechanismException`, `NullPointerException`, `ObjectCollectedException`, `OpaqueFrameException`, `ProfileDataException`, `ProviderException`, `ProviderNotFoundException`, `RangeException`, `RasterFormatException`, `RejectedExecutionException`, `ResolutionException`, `SecurityException`, `SPIResolutionException`, `StructureViolationExceptionPREVIEW`, `TypeNotPresentException`, `UncheckedIOException`, `UndeclaredThrowableException`, `UnknownEntityException`, `UnmodifiableModuleException`, `UnmodifiableSetException`, `UnsupportedOperationException`, `VMDisconnectedException`, `VMMismatchException`, `VMOutOfMemoryException`, `WrongMethodTypeException`, `WrongThreadException`, `XPathException`

public class RuntimeException extends Exception
`RuntimeException` is the superclass of those exceptions that can be thrown during the normal operation of the Java Virtual Machine.

`RuntimeException` and its subclasses are unchecked exceptions. Unchecked exceptions do not need to be declared in a method or constructor's `throws` clause if they can be thrown by the execution of the method or constructor and propagate outside the method or constructor boundary.

See Java Language Specification:
  11.2 Compile-Time Checking of Exceptions
Since:
  1.0
See Also:
  - Serialized Form

- ## Constructor Summary

  Constructors
  Modifier
  Constructor
  Description
  ``
  `RuntimeException()`
  Constructs a new runtime exception with `null` as its detail message.
  ``
  `RuntimeException(String message)`
  Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified detail message.
  ``
  `RuntimeException(String message, Throwable cause)`
  Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified detail message and cause.
  `protected`
  `RuntimeException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace)`
  Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified detail message, cause, suppression enabled or disabled, and writable stack trace enabled or disabled.
  ``
  `RuntimeException(Throwable cause)`
  Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified cause and a detail message of `(cause==null ? null : cause.toString())` (which typically contains the class and detail message of `cause`).

- ## Method Summary

  ### Methods declared in class java.lang.Throwable

  `addSuppressed, fillInStackTrace, getCause, getLocalizedMessage, getMessage, getStackTrace, getSuppressed, initCause, printStackTrace, printStackTrace, printStackTrace, setStackTrace, toString`

  ### Methods declared in class java.lang.Object

  `clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait`

- ## Constructor Details

  - ### RuntimeException

    public RuntimeException()
    Constructs a new runtime exception with `null` as its detail message. The cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be initialized by a call to `Throwable.initCause(java.lang.Throwable)`.

  - ### RuntimeException

    public RuntimeException(String message)
    Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified detail message. The cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be initialized by a call to `Throwable.initCause(java.lang.Throwable)`.
    Parameters:
      `message` - the detail message. The detail message is saved for later retrieval by the `Throwable.getMessage()` method.

  - ### RuntimeException

    public RuntimeException(String message, Throwable cause)
    Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified detail message and cause.

    Note that the detail message associated with `cause` is not automatically incorporated in this runtime exception's detail message.

    Parameters:
      `message` - the detail message (which is saved for later retrieval by the `Throwable.getMessage()` method).
      `cause` - the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the `Throwable.getCause()` method). (A `null` value is permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or unknown.)
    Since:
      1.4

  - ### RuntimeException

    public RuntimeException(Throwable cause)
    Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified cause and a detail message of `(cause==null ? null : cause.toString())` (which typically contains the class and detail message of `cause`). This constructor is useful for runtime exceptions that are little more than wrappers for other throwables.
    Parameters:
      `cause` - the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the `Throwable.getCause()` method). (A `null` value is permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or unknown.)
    Since:
      1.4

  - ### RuntimeException

    protected RuntimeException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace)
    Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified detail message, cause, suppression enabled or disabled, and writable stack trace enabled or disabled.
    Parameters:
      `message` - the detail message.
      `cause` - the cause. (A `null` value is permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or unknown.)
      `enableSuppression` - whether or not suppression is enabled or disabled
      `writableStackTrace` - whether or not the stack trace should be writable
    Since:
      1.7